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Hydrothermal Conversion of Biomass
Vařejka, Tomáš ; Elbl, Patrik (referee) ; Lachman, Jakub (advisor)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to search for hydrothermal technologies for biomass conversion to improved energy carriers. First part includes contains introduction to biomass conversion methods and its suitability for different types of feedstock. The following part is dedicated mainly to hydrothermal conversion processes, their history, development over time, used technology, process and product characteristics and comparison with conventional thermochemical methods. Finally, the current state of technology is evaluated, possible future developments are outlined and current problems which are preventing wider application of this technology are descried.
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Thermal biomass treatment
Křepela, Petr ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The aim of this work is to provide an overview of biomass processing methods, description of final products and their practical application. Furthermore, a description of the technologies used for each method and the comparison of the efficiency. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to carry out a literature search and to produce a comprehensive set of meaningful information that is comprehensible to every reader, but does not hurt the professional public.
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Biomass for power plants in the off-grid operation
Roule, Jaroslav ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Baxant, Petr (advisor)
The thesis discusses the use of biomass for electricity island operation. The first chapter explains the concept of biomass and its distribution. It also shows the potential and availability of biomass. The second chapter describes the transformation of biomass into a suitable fuel form. The third to fifth chapter describes the conversion of biomass as a fuel into electrical energy through combustion, Stirling and steam engine. In these chapters there are brought the following parameters and prices of these motors and single-phase and three-phase alternators that can be connected to these engines. Other chapters describe the production of electricity in line with consumption, where the cost per hour to run engines for the various types of fuel and price of the electricity produced in kilowatt hours is calculated. In the last chapter of the thesis there is described the possibility of accumulation of electrical energy.
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Hydrothermal Conversion of Biomass
Vařejka, Tomáš ; Elbl, Patrik (referee) ; Lachman, Jakub (advisor)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to search for hydrothermal technologies for biomass conversion to improved energy carriers. First part includes contains introduction to biomass conversion methods and its suitability for different types of feedstock. The following part is dedicated mainly to hydrothermal conversion processes, their history, development over time, used technology, process and product characteristics and comparison with conventional thermochemical methods. Finally, the current state of technology is evaluated, possible future developments are outlined and current problems which are preventing wider application of this technology are descried.
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Utilization of waste from processing of industrial hemp for production of carbonaceous adsorbents.
Šrámek, V. ; Staf, M. ; Pohořelý, Michael ; Beňo, Z.
Utilization of waste biomass for production of carbonaceous adsorbents would be a suitable substitution of comercially available activated carbon. This work focuses on a two step preparation in two separate apparatus of own construction operated at UCT Prague. The first step involves pyrolysis of the hemp hurd at temperature range 450–850 °C and the second step is based on activation of the pyrolysis residue via steam at temperatures 740 and 800 °C. The prepared activated material was examined for key sorption parameters: specific surface are by BET equation, total specific pore volume and pore size distribution. The results were compared to comercially available activated carbon produced also via the steam activation.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22020012013491 - PDF
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The Study of the Molecular Structure of Various Forms of Conducting Polymers using FTIR and Raman Spectroscopies
Morávková, Zuzana ; Trchová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Baumruk, Vladimír (referee) ; Matějka, Pavel (referee)
In this Thesis, the structure of thin films formed by a conducting polymer, polyaniline, was studied using mainly infrared and Raman spectroscopies. That led to the study of aniline oligomers. The oligomers play a key role in the formation of thin films and nanostructures of polyaniline. Furthermore, the Thesis deals with the carbonization of various forms of polyaniline (granular polyaniline base, thin films of polyaniline salt, multi-wall carbon nanotubes coated with polyaniline salt or base, polyaniline nanotubes/nanorods prepared in the presence of ethanol). The two topics, aniline oligomers and carbonization of polyaniline, are connected by a paper concerning the carbonization of microspheres formed during oxidation of aniline in alkaline medium. Optical microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, wide angle X-ray scattering and thermogravimetric analysis were used.
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Thermal biomass treatment
Křepela, Petr ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The aim of this work is to provide an overview of biomass processing methods, description of final products and their practical application. Furthermore, a description of the technologies used for each method and the comparison of the efficiency. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to carry out a literature search and to produce a comprehensive set of meaningful information that is comprehensible to every reader, but does not hurt the professional public.
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|
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Biomass for power plants in the off-grid operation
Roule, Jaroslav ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Baxant, Petr (advisor)
The thesis discusses the use of biomass for electricity island operation. The first chapter explains the concept of biomass and its distribution. It also shows the potential and availability of biomass. The second chapter describes the transformation of biomass into a suitable fuel form. The third to fifth chapter describes the conversion of biomass as a fuel into electrical energy through combustion, Stirling and steam engine. In these chapters there are brought the following parameters and prices of these motors and single-phase and three-phase alternators that can be connected to these engines. Other chapters describe the production of electricity in line with consumption, where the cost per hour to run engines for the various types of fuel and price of the electricity produced in kilowatt hours is calculated. In the last chapter of the thesis there is described the possibility of accumulation of electrical energy.
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